Analysis of Ventilation and Air Conditioning Design of Leishenshan Hospital-3

05

Control Measure

Regional function

The medical care area is connected by a central clean channel, and each medical care unit corresponds to 4 isolation ward units. The medical unit can be divided into a clean area (including the central clean passage and the clean room connected to it) and a potentially contaminated area (the corridor leading to the isolation ward area and the rooms connected to it).

Design

The medical care area is a positive pressure relative to the infectious area, which can effectively block the spread of the virus and ensure the safety and health of medical staff. Through reasonable air supply/exhaust airflow organization, the entire medical care unit is guaranteed to be a positive pressure area, and the airflow is guaranteed to flow from the clean area to the potentially polluted area. The branch pipe of the air supply/exhaust system is equipped with a constant air volume valve, and the pressure gradient of the adjacent room is not less than 5Pa accurately controlled by the air supply/exhaust volume.

Corresponding air supply/exhaust systems are set up in the clean area and potentially polluted area of the medical care area, and the fan adopts a low-noise and high-efficiency centrifugal fan case. Each air supply system is equipped with three levels of filtration, coarse, medium and high, to ensure the cleanliness of the air sent to the medical and nursing units, and the air outlet should be at least 4.5m away from the ground. The schematic diagram of the air supply/exhaust system and airflow organization in the medical care area is as follows:

Installation and commissioning

In order to ensure the positive pressure in the clean area, in addition to organizing the air supply and exhaust according to the design requirements, and accurately controlling the air supply and exhaust air volume through the constant air volume air valve, it is also necessary to pay attention to the airtightness of the room. In the actual construction process, the gaps between the maintenance structures, the gaps between the pipelines passing through the walls and the floor slabs should be sealed, leaving no dead ends.

06

Control Measure

Regional function

The medical technology unit in the isolation area is divided into three areas: A, B, and D. Area A includes a 28-bed negative pressure ICU, negative pressure inspection and its supporting rooms. Area B includes negative pressure operating room, CT, ultrasound, ECG and its supporting rooms; Area D includes 33-bed negative pressure ICU and its supporting rooms.

Design

Main room exhaust ventilation times: 1. Negative pressure inspection/buffer room 13h-1; 2. Negative pressure operating room 22h-1, corridor/auxiliary room 13h-1; 3. Negative pressure ICU/buffer room/auxiliary room 13h -1; 4. CT, ultrasound, ECG and their supporting rooms 8h-1. The pressure gradient is precisely controlled by the air supply/exhaust volume. The pressure gradient of each main area:

  1. Negative pressure inspection: -20 Pa, buffer room: -10Pa.
  2. Negative pressure operating room: -20Pa, resuscitation room/sterilization packing/front Room: -15Pa, corridor/bed storage/medical front room/sterile room: -10Pa.
  3. Negative pressure ICU: -20Pa, patient buffer/dirt/dirty washing/washing tank/fibronoscope/take off protective clothing : -15Pa, off the isolation suit/treatment room/buffer/equipment room: -10Pa.

In order to facilitate rapid installation and debugging, the negative pressure inspection, negative pressure ICU, and negative pressure operating room use direct expansion all-air purification air-conditioning units to operate with fresh air.The air supply duct is equipped with an electric heater, and the air supply and exhaust fans are all low-noise and high-efficiency centrifugal air boxes. Due to the extremely short supply cycle, the direct expander supplier cannot carry out targeted production according to the design participation, and the design team is closely connected with the supplier during the design process.Compare the existing inventory product parameters with the design values and lock the inventory equipment in various places as soon as possible. Because some equipment parameters cannot meet the design requirements, the manufacturer will modify the equipment components immediately.

The air supply system is equipped with three-level filtration of coarse, medium and high, among which the negative pressure inspection, negative pressure ICU, and negative pressure operating room are equipped with high-efficiency filter air outlets. The exhaust air in all areas is treated by high-efficiency filters and then discharged at high altitude. There are exhaust outlets in rooms such as negative pressure ICU, negative pressure operating room, treatment room, and resuscitation room. Taking negative pressure ICU as an example, its air supply/exhaust system and airflow organization are shown in the following figure:

Installation and commissioning

Negative pressure test room

Negative pressure operating room

ICU

CT room

Ultrasound room

exhaust hood

After actual debugging, the temperature and pressure difference in each area are within the design range, and an effective pressure gradient can be formed between rooms in important areas such as negative pressure ICU, negative pressure inspection, and negative pressure operating room. The figure below shows the self-test report of parameters such as indoor temperature, ventilation times, and pressure gradient in the negative pressure test.

 

Laboratory self-inspection report

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